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Lesson Plan
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Friction Lesson Plan 1
Title
Friction - Lesson 1 of 1
Overview
This lesson will examine Newton's First Law of Motion and the role of friction in everyday life. Students will learn about the Hovercraft, an invention based on reducing friction.
Topics Covered
Friction, Newton's First Law, Speed, Resistance, Hovercraft, Christopher Cockerell, Patents
KLA
Science
Subject
Science
Year
9
Stage/Level
5
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
explain the effect of friction on things in motion;
explain Newton's First Law of Motion;
describe the basis of the Hovercraft invention;
explain the use of patents to protect original ideas.
Duration
2 x 50 minutes
Teacher Prep Time
20 minutes
Materials Required
skateboard
blocks of wood
air track/shuttle
handout (Attachment 1)
worksheet (Attachment 2)
Procedure
Class observes the following demonstrations:
push a skateboard across the floor (approximately 3 metres);
push a block of wood across the floor;
shuttle moves on linear air-track (after 3 journeys turn air supply off).
Students record their observations following each demonstration.
Teacher leads class discussion on observations:
Why did some items travel freely?
Why did the block of wood slow down?
Teacher introduces Newton's First Law of Motion:
Objects will remain at rest or continue to move in a straight line unless acted on by a net force.
Note that objects in space (inter stellar probes etc) may remain in motion for millions of years.
Teacher links to friction as the force that caused objects to slow down or stop moving:
Did the skateboard encounter more or less friction than the block of wood?
What about the air track shuttle?
Teacher leads class discussion on cases where friction is helpful and alternative cases where friction is a hindrance:
How do we use friction to help us in our daily lives? (car brakes, wax on a surf board, sandpaper etc)
Can you think of any ways that friction has been a hindrance? (pushing a lawn mower, competitive swimmer, etc)
Teacher introduces the Hovercraft as a case study of a useful example of how friction was manipulated in a unique invention:
Possibly refer to the mini-hovercrafts used in the opening ceremony of the 2000 Olympic games as another example.
Class review handout (Attachment 1).
Class discussion on the Hovercraft invention:
What was the basis of this unique invention?
How could an inventor normally protect their invention? (ie through patents, or trade secrets)
How did Cockerall protect his idea?
Do you think others should have the right to profit from his idea? Why or why not?
Definition: A patent is a right granted for any device, substance, method or process, which is new and inventive and useful. A patent granted in Australia provides the owner with exclusive rights to prohibit others from manufacturing, using or selling an invention in Australia.
Definition: A trade secret is both a type of IP and a strategy for protecting your IP. It includes proprietary knowledge (know-how) and other confidential information.
